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Pakistan's American Islam
 
  • M. SHAMIM
 

Democracy comes in all shapes and sizes. Except, of course, clad in a khaki uniform of a serving General. Even Eisenhower had to get into his civvies to be able to enter the White House. General Musharraf, now "Refrendu-mised" President of Pakistan is dead et to prove to the world that if a wolf in a sheep skin claims to be a sheep, it is a sheep. And who are you to challenge its well earned status ?

Who does "its" refer to ? The answer largely depends on who is called upon to frame it. If you are "a RAW mole" in Karachi you will promptly point your finger at the wolf. This will, of course, attract a caustic comment from Abdul Sattar, Foreign Minister in Islamabad. He will probably call it an Indian conspiracy to discredit the highly democratic exercise called referendum undertaken recently in Pakistan and yet another brutal and heinous attempt to trample upon the human rights of the Kashmiri people.

If you are an American foreign policy exponent and not Bill Clinton, you will probably promptly point your finger at the sheep. This is not because you believe that Musharraf has now fulfilled all the requirements to qualify himself as a democratically elected President of Pakistan. Far from it. If you are giving the impression of being a dumb American, it is only because you are trying to safeguard a national secret. Americans give everything to their client States from car-seats, Coca Cola to Patton tanks and Phantom jets but they disallow the export of democracy. It is dangerous to transfer such high tech sophisticated weaponry to basically unstable areas of the world.

Presidents-cum-Commanders-in-Chief are suspect in the West, though Musharraf's immediate neighbour also happens to have a President - cum - Supreme Commander of Armed Forces. But, of course, he is the Supreme Commander, does'nt have to go through spit and polish routines or go to his Regimental `Mess' for Chhota Hazri or `Bada Hazri'. He attends, though, to the `Mess' of a different kind which comes to him in the shape of delegations composed of honourable members of the Treasury Benches and the opposition, each cursing the other over some routine incident at "Godhra" or the death of a few Sikhs in J & K or more recently, in the same State, killings of a few bus passengers and members of the families of armed personnel. The General is, indeed, aghast as to why the Indians can't show some decency and quietly treat it as an acceptable collateral damage of suppressing a "freedom movement" instead of raising a hue and cry and sending to Islamabad a list of Most-Wanted terrorists responsible for the killings over a long period of time. The "gun toting" and "Iqbal - quoting " General is no sucker. He knows what the Allama had, in a moment of his rare inspiration, said about democracy :

Is baat Ko Ek Mard - E - Firangi Ne Kiya Fash

Har Chand Ke Dana Esay Khola Nahin Karte

Jamhorriat woh Tarz-e-hukumat Hai Ke Jismain

Bandon Ko Gina Karte Hain Taula Nahin Karte

(A courageous European let out this secret though wise ones don't spill the beans. Democracy is a style of Governance in which individuals are counted but never weighed). That is it. For all of its 50 years of democracy - by the people, of the people, for the people - what has India got to show ? Just a roly - poly Prime Minister who is only good enough to run a bus service from Delhi to Lahore and making conciliatory speeches at Minara-e-Pakistan. Or to invite a newly self-appointed President and his betterhalf to have a second honeymoon at the Taj on a moonlit night. Except for the "Sare Jahan Se Achcha" bit the Indians could never understand the Allama. Or his wise observations on democracy. The General, of course, is nobody's fool. He knows his history. That is why he holds this number game in utter contempt. Once Pakistan was inveigled (by RAW) to hold India - type elections which threw up Bhutto and Mujib and it broke up the country. The General is convinced election is bad news for Pakistan. May be, just as his predecessors had suggested, "Guided" democracy is the answer. But what is Musharraf to do? His Western friends, supporters and patrons believe in the game of numbers. So he has to put up a grand show of having numbers on his side, hence the referendum. It had the best of both the worlds. It had the numbers game as also it met Allama's demand that democracy better be led by a man of "weight" (calibre). Who else but Musharraf could foot the bill. In addition to his own. considerable `weight' he also has behind him the entire weight of the Top Brass of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. And did anyone say, ISI, as well ? Well may be ! Now that is a lot of `weight' carried by one single individual in the entire subcontinent. Even the Allama would have been pleased to pen a panegyric or two extolling dear Pervez. Two damn civilians had made a mess of things when they had got to the driver's seat. Bhutto divided the country and got what he plainly deserved. And the other one, Sharif, was so eager to please his neighbour, none other than Vajpayee-that he presented Kargil to him on a silver platter and was even prepared to stoop to killing his top millitary official in an air crash which was stopped, in the nick of time. By that time, indeed, every one knew in Pakistan that they had had enough of elected representatives. But the pressure to return to elected democracy by the international community kept rising beyond the permissible level. Even an old friend like an American President (in this case Bill Clinton) looked positively rude when he reminded Pakistan of democracy during his brief visit and briefer appearance on PTV (compared to his exposure on Doordarshan). But thanks to his old friend, philosopher and guide, Osama bin Laden, the pressure eased considerably after September 11. The new President, Bush Junior, almost hugged the General like a long lost cousin. And Musharraf gave a new slogan : "Pehlay Pakistan". It was the closest Urdu adaptation of our "Vande Mataram". Allama Iqbal probably turned in his grave. According to Iqbal the Quran says the Earth belongs to God. Therefore, for a Muslim, who does not recognise man-made divisions of Earth, his religion comes first. When the Maulana persisted, the Allama was so enraged that he wrote a poem denouncing Maulana Madani's concept:

Is Daur main maae Aur Hai Jaam Aur Hai Jum Aur

Saqui Ne Bina Ki Rawishe - Lutf - o - Karam Aur

Tehzib Ke Azar Ne Tarashwa-e-Sanam Aur

In Taza Khudaoon main Bada Subse Watan Hai

Jo Parahan iska Hai Woh Mazhab Ka Kafan Hai

(In the new era the wine, the glasses, the bottles all have changed Even Saqi has changed the style of serving wine the High Priest of civilzation has had new gods carved for the temples The biggest among the new gods is the country, (a land mass with man-made boundaries) The cloth in which it is wrapped actually serves as a shroud for one's religion). In the same poem, Iqbal later calls upon the members of the faith to once again revive the old spirit of Islam and destroy this new god (the country).

Islam Tera Des hai Tu Mustafavi hai

Ae Mustafavi Khak main is buth ko Mila Day.

(Your country is Islam and you are a follower of Prophet Muhammad, come and destroy this newly carved idol–(country). How does the General reconcile his "Pehlay Pakistan" with this interpretation of the Quran by Allama Iqbal, remains to be seen. Islam enjoins upon Muslims to elect the most pious and wise among them to lead them as Amir-ul-Momineen.

The General is now irrevocably committed to emancipate Muslims in what he calls " occupied Kashmir" from the clutches of a country which has been electing its leaders ever since its inception and which also has the second largest Muslim population of the world which enjoys the privilege of having its own personal laws and has complete freedom to follow the religion of its choice. May we ask to what kind of Islamic system he wishes to deliver Muslims of "occupied Kashmir"? To a Jordan or Saudi type kingdom? To a Ayatullah ruled type Iran? To army ruled Algeria ? Or the Libyan type revolution ? Or to the American brand of Islam now being practised by Pakistani rulers. The American brand of Islam is nowhere more visible than in Pakistan. The madrassas once were not such disreputable places in the subcontinent. After all they had produced scholars like Hussain Ahmad Madani, Maulana Hifzur Rehman, Ali Miyan, Hafiz Ibrahim and many such illustrious persons who played a key role in India's independence movement. Madrassas provided basic education in remote places where none was available. Then the Americans decided that Madrassas were an excellent instrument for producing warriors to fight the menace of Russian communism. The Pakistani rulers went whole hog into it. They trained Talibans and became their friend, philosopher and guide. After September 11, the Americans discovered that the Taliban were actually terrorists and not Muslims.

Without batting an eyelid the "Good General" turned around clicked his heels and said "yes sir". That made the old slogan "Pehlay Islam" a bit worn off so he coined a new one : " Pehlay Pakistan". The distance between " Pehlay Pakistan" (Pakistan first) and " Pehlay tha Pakistan" (Once there was Pakistan) has been reduced to less than 5 minutes. The General understands this kind of thing better. After all he, too, has access to "push button" warfare.

What he doesn't seem to understand is that if he wants Pakistan to live he should not hold referendums but repatriate himself to barracks and let a corrupt, incompetent but elected civilian blunder his way to peace. As someone said the other day, war is, too serious a matter to be left to soldiers. Why does he want to go down as a bad President ? Sorry, that should have read : Why does he want to follow the bad precedent left by Yahya and Ayub and ignore the road caution : War ahead. Correction again, the road caution reads : Nukes Ahead!

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